Radiofrequency Ablation for the Palliative Treatment of Bone Metastases: Outcomes from the Multicenter OsteoCool Tumor Ablation Post-Market Study (OPuS One Study) in 100 Patients

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of radiofrequency (RF) ablation as measured by change in worst pain score from baseline to 3 mo after RF ablation for the palliative treatment of painful bone metastases. Materials and Methods: One hundred patients (mean age, 64.6 y) underwent RF ablation for metastatic bone disease and were followed up to 6 mo. Subjects’ pain and quality of life were measured before RF ablation and postoperatively by using the Brief Pain Index and European Quality of Life questionnaires. Opioid agent use and device-, procedure-, and/or therapy-related adverse events (AEs) were collected. Results: Eighty-seven patients were treated for tumors involving the thoracolumbar spine and 13 for tumors located in the pelvis and/or sacrum. All ablations were technically successful, and 97% were followed by cementoplasty. Mean worst pain score decreased from 8.2 ± 1.7 at baseline to 3.5 ± 3.2 at 6 mo (n = 22; P < 0.0001 for all visits). Subjects experienced significant improvement for all visits in average pain (P <.0001), pain interference (P <.0001), and quality of life (P <.003). Four AEs were reported, of which 2 resulted in hospitalization for pneumonia and respiratory failure. All 30 deaths reported during the study were attributed to the underlying malignancy and not related to the study procedure. Conclusions: Results from this study show rapid (within 3 d) and statistically significant pain improvement with sustained long-term relief through 6 mo in patients treated with RF ablation for metastatic bone disease.