Speech and Swallowing Problems in Parkinson's Disease

Dysphagia (difficulty with swallowing) and dysarthria (impaired speech) are commonly seen, yet often underreported, symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Early detection of dysphagia in patients with PD is important because progressive swallowing dysfunction may lead to aspiration pneumonia, malnutrition, dehydration, and choking. Similarly, changes in speech have a tremendous impact on a patient's social abilities, often leading to isolation. Nurse practitioners play a critical role in assessment and implementation of nonpharmacological and pharmacological interventions through patient and caregiver education and collaboration with the care team.